April 9, 2025

Exploring the tech behind crypto

one block at a time

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Welcome to The Protocol, CoinDesk's weekly wrap-up of the most important stories in cryptocurrency tech development. We're Margaux Nijkerk and Sam Kessler, reporters on CoinDesk's Tech team.

In this issue:

EigenLayer Finally Ready To Launch Critical Missing Feature
RootstockLabs Prepares To Release SDKs for Bitcoin Layer 2s Using BitVMX
Inside North Korea's Favorite Crypto Laundering Tool: THORChain
Bitcoin Developer Proposes Hard Fork To Protect BTC From Quantum Computing Threats

Network News

EIGENLAYER'S KEY FEATURE IS FINALLY COMING: EigenLayer, the restaking protocol, shared last week that it will finally introduce its long-awaited slashing feature on April 17, marking the protocol's first "feature-complete" version. Slashing will allow Actively Validated Services (AVSs) — apps built atop EigenLayer's restaking system — to penalize operators who fail to meet pre-established conditions, and reward those who do. EigenLayer originally pioneered the concept of restaking, a way for Ethereum users to secure additional protocols beyond the base layer by recommitting their staked Ether. Slashing was supposed to be a core part of this system, providing apps a way to punish bad actors by seizing a portion of their capital. Since slashing was not part of EigenLayer when it initially launched in 2024, it left room for competitors to gain market share. Symbiotic, which allows for the restaking of any asset, has been used by EigenLayer early adopters including Hyperlane, an interoperability framework, and Ethena, a popular synthetic dollar protocol. — Sam Kessler Read more.

BUILDING LAYER-2S ON BITCOIN COMING SOON: One of the oldest Bitcoin ecosystem projects is moving to the next stage of enabling developers to build layer-2 networks using its computational layer. Rootstock is one of many projects currently advancing the goal of bringing greater utility and interoperability to Bitcoin, which it is doing using "BitVMX", a modified version of the BitVM programming language. RootstockLabs project is weeks away from releasing software development kits (SDKs), allowing developers to start producing their own Bitcoin layer-2s using BitVMX, founder Sergio Lerner told CoinDesk. SDKs are sets of tools enabling third-parties to build applications using a particular platform or framework. "We are very close to having all the pieces ready for people to start building their own solutions on top of BitVMX," Lerner said in an interview. — Jamie Crawley Read more.

NORTH KOREA'S PREFERRED CRYPTO LAUNDERING TOOL: In February, North Korea stole $1.4 billion in the biggest-ever crypto heist. THORChain, a network used to swap crypto, has become central to North Korea's laundering operations — used to bridge 85% of funds from the hack. Unlike some other blockchain services, THORChain's operators have refused to block transactions linked to the Bybit heist, despite requests from the FBI and other government agencies. THORChain wallets like Asgardex and Vultisig — tools that most people use to transact on the network — haven't budged, either. According to estimates from blockchain security researchers who spoke to CoinDesk, THORChain's major wallet developers and validators — many publicly identified and based in jurisdictions with strict anti-money-laundering regulations, including the U.S. — have earned over $12 million in fees connected to the heist. The U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) has previously sanctioned blockchain services used in connection with money laundering, such as the mixer app Tornado Cash (which has since been delisted after a court ruling) and Bitzlato, an exchange. Prosecutors have also charged operators behind similar platforms. For legal experts and the crypto community, whether THORChain — a layer-1 blockchain — should be treated differently than these other services revives a fundamental debate faced by virtually all crypto platforms: Is the network truly decentralized? — Sam Kessler Read more.

CAN BITCOIN RESIST QUANTUM COMPUTING?: Bitcoin could be headed for its most sweeping cryptographic overhaul yet if a new proposal gains traction. A draft Bitcoin Improvement Proposal (BIP) titled Quantum-Resistant Address Migration Protocol (QRAMP) has been introduced by developer Agustin Cruz. It outlines a plan to enforce a network-wide migration of BTC from legacy wallets to ones secured by post-quantum cryptography. Quantum computing involves moving away from a process reliant on binary code, ones and zeros, and exponentially increasing computing power by employing Quantum bits (qubits) that exist in multiple states simultaneously. Such a jump in power is expected to threaten modern computing encryption built by classic machines. The proposal suggests that after a predetermined block height, nodes running the updated software would reject any transaction trying to spend coins from an address using ECDSA cryptography, which could theoretically make it vulnerable to quantum attacks. — Francisco Rodrigues Read more.

In Other News

The first Ripple (XRP) ETF went live on Tuesday. Also on Tuesday, Ripple agreed to acquire multi-asset prime brokerage firm Hidden Road for $1.25 billion, marking one of the largest M&A deals in the digital asset industry to date. — Will Canny and Shaurya Malwa
Galaxy Digital plans to redomicile in Delaware and list shares on Nasdaq after May 9 shareholder vote. The news comes a week after Galaxy, a major crypto venture firm, agreed to pay $200 million in a settlement with the New York attorney general's office related to the fund's involvement in the 2022 Terra-Luna collapse. — Tom Carreras Read more

Regulatory and Policy

China and Europe both approved retaliatory tariffs against the United States — the latest development in a trade war ignited by U.S. President Donald Trump that has ripped through global markets, including digital asset markets. — CoinDesk
The price of bitcoin dropped below $77K on Wednesday, representing a relatively modest 8% decline since the announcement of Donald Trump's 'Liberation Day' tariffs. Recession fears have teed up a major test for crypto markets, which were born out of the 2008 financial crisis and have not existed through a major U.S. recession. So far, the decentralized finance (DeFi) sector has shown signs of resilience. — Oliver Knight Read more
Argentina's congress has launched an investigation into LIBRA, the alleged pump-and-dump memecoin project promoted by president Javier Milei. The token wiped out 90% for investors and led to calls for Mile's impeachment. —Francisco Rodrigues Read more