Wednesday, July 1, 2026

Next Africa: No hugs

Conflict between Congo, Rwanda appears as intractable as ever ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌
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Welcome to Next Africa, a daily newsletter on where the continent stands now — and where it’s headed. Sign up here to have it delivered to your email. In today’s edition, we look at how Rwanda-backed rebels are consolidating their hold on eastern Congo. And:

  • The US temporarily lifts duties on some fertilizer from Morocco
  • South African President Ramaphosa shuffles his cabinet
  • The World Bank approves loans to Kenya and Nigeria

An Intractable Conflict

US President Donald Trump declared late last year that the leaders of Rwanda and Democratic Republic of Congo would soon be hugging and holding hands instead of fighting over control of Congo’s mineral-rich east.

But seven months after the two nations signed a peace deal in Washington, their conflict appears as intractable as ever.

As many as 18,000 Rwandan troops are now supporting around 30,000 M23 rebels on the ground in eastern Congo, helping consolidate their hold on the region, a new report released by a United Nations group of experts shows.

It outlines how they’ve set up a parallel government, taken over public utilities and even established a new banking service and an insurance agency.

M23 rebels guard a unit of surrendering Congolese police officers in Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo.
M23 rebels in Bukavu, Congo.
Photographer: Hugh Kinsella Cunningham/Getty Images

When they’re not fighting, the soldiers and rebels are delivering smuggled tin, tantalum and tungsten from mines to Rwandan traders, the experts say.

The US has slapped sanctions on Rwanda’s leaders, its army and several of the country’s companies since the start of the year.

Kigali is unrepentant, saying it’s protecting itself from widely prevalent insecurity in Congo and it needs to deter a militant group known as the FDLR that’s linked to the perpetrators of the 1994 Rwandan genocide.

Congo’s army has done itself no favors in that regard. It’s still working with the FDLR to combat the M23, a direct violation of the US-brokered peace accord, according to the UN experts.

The ongoing standoff is bringing even more misery to a region where millions have been displaced and 60% of the population is living in extreme poverty.

And with both sides now deploying armed drones, more civilian lives are being placed at risk.

So much for the hugs. — Michael J. Kavanagh

What Everyone’s Reading 

The US will temporarily lift duties on phosphate fertilizer from Morocco to aid struggling farmers and ease consumer fears over accelerating food inflation. Fertilizer prices skyrocketed as American and Israeli attacks on Iran disrupted shipments of farming inputs through the Strait of Hormuz, spurring nations to safeguard supplies.

Vessels remain anchored off Port Sultan Qaboos, on June 20.
Vessels anchored off Port Sultan Qaboos, south of the Strait of Hormuz, on June 20.
Source: Getty Images

Three people exposed to the Ebola outbreak in Congo have been traced to the Haut-Uele province bordering South Sudan, increasing the risk the virus could spill into one of the world’s most fragile states. The expansion underscores concern about the spread of the Bundibugyo strain of Ebola, which has no approved vaccine or specific treatment.

South African President Cyril Ramaphosa shuffled his cabinet after the Democratic Alliance, the second-biggest party in the governing coalition, requested changes. Willie Aucamp, previously the forestry and environment minister, was given the key agriculture portfolio. The moves follow the election of Geordin Hill-Lewis as DA leader. Separately, central bank Governor Lesetja Kganyago warned that interest rates may have to rise again this month.

Kganyago talks with Bloomberg TV’s Francine Lacqua in Sintra, Portugal. Watch now
Kganyago talks with Bloomberg TV’s Francine Lacqua in Sintra, Portugal.

The World Bank approved a long-awaited $750 million loan to Kenya to support reforms aimed at enhancing good governance and improving public-finance management. The Washington-based lender will also help the East African nation issue a $500 million sustainability linked loan to help fund reforestation and improve energy access. The bank separately approved $1.25 billion in development financing for Nigeria.

UK actor Idris Elba and Google will fund AI tools for African creators to help them produce high-quality content faster and more cheaply. The actor’s foundation and the company will pay for access to the tech firm’s flagship Gemini AI assistant and other digital products for about 100,000 creators in Nigeria, South Africa, Ghana, Kenya and Sierra Leone.

Idris Elba, actor, during a Bloomberg Television interview on the opening day of the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, Switzerland, on Tuesday, Jan. 17, 2023. The annual Davos gathering of political leaders, top executives and celebrities runs from January 16 to 20. Photographer: Hollie Adams/Bloomberg
Elba in Davos in 2023.
Photographer: Hollie Adams/Bloomberg

From tycoons to students, Nigerians are scrambling to be part of billionaire Aliko Dangote’s $40 billion IPO of his refinery business. Can the once-in-a-generation listing transform African markets? Click here to listen to our Q&A from earlier on Wednesday.

Quote of the Week

“They were chasing us. They don’t want to see us.”

Nadia Nyamayaro

A cleaner from Zimbabwe.

She was relating how she was driven away from her home near Cape Town during anti-migrant protests.

Last Word

Amazon.com said it will buy just less than half of the carbon credits generated from a project to restore degraded land in South Africa by planting thickets of Spekboom, a plant that traps carbon dioxide and helps soil retain water. The company plans to sell the credits on to its own business units, suppliers and other parties to help them offset their emissions.

The Project Nursery on the Botterblom farm in the Eastern Cape. Source: The Project Nursery
The restoration project on the Botterblom farm in South Africa’s Eastern Cape province.
Source: The Project Nursery

We’ll be back in your inbox with the next edition tomorrow. Send any feedback to mcohen21@bloomberg.net.

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Next Africa: No hugs

Conflict between Congo, Rwanda appears as intractable as ever ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ...