Thursday, August 1, 2024

A finely balanced decision

The Readout

 from Hi there, it's Sabah Meddings, UK business reporter. Hope you enjoy today's Readout.

Don't get too excited. That was the message from central bank watchers today after the Bank of England cut interest rates for the first time since the pandemic.

The Monetary Policy Committee voted 5-4 to reduce rates from 5.25% to 5%, in what was apparently a "finely balanced" decision for some who supported the move according to minutes from the meeting. That could be a possible sign that further reductions may come only slowly and cautiously.

That caution was echoed by Chancellor Rachel Reeves, who described the announcement as "welcome news" but repeated the line that "difficult decisions" will still be necessary — which may come as tax rises in her October budget. 

Bank of England Governor Andrew Bailey was also careful to manage any exuberance, saying the BOE remains alert to the risk of inflation rising again.

The tone of the minutes of the meeting today suggests the BOE is in no rush to reduce rates again, say Bloomberg Economics's Ana Andrade and Dan Hanson, who expect another cut in November.

Andrew Bailey at a news conference following the cut decision today Photographer: Hollie Adams/Bloomberg

Nevertheless, today's decision is a major turning point for the BOE and will give homeowners and businesses some relief, and maybe even the confidence to invest. Borrowing costs in the UK have been stuck at a 16-year high for a year, weighing on an economy which is struggling to emerge from a shallow recession.

As our economics reporting team write, the bank's forecasts point to a steeper path of rate cuts over the next three years than investors were expecting. However, the British Chambers of Commerce says declining borrowing costs may still trigger an increase in investment as borrowing costs decline.

For Keir Starmer, the cut is an early gift, as pointed out by Bloomberg Opinion's Marcus Ashworth. But for the Conservatives, the decision is likely to raise yet more questions about why Rishi Sunak called the election when he did. Sunak has taken some of the credit for the cut, writing on X that it shows Labour inherited a strong economy. He also threw shade at Reeves's public sector pay rises, adding the "inflation-busting" increase would put further rate cuts at risk.

But for his part, Bailey said that according to his "back of the envelope" calculations the public sector pay rises will have almost no impact on inflation.

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What just happened

The stories you need to know about this evening

"De-risking" universities

Britain's universities are — understandably — often big voices in the clamour to bring more talent to the UK. And it looks like the Foreign Office isn't making life easy for them.

Today, Bloomberg reporter Yazhou Sun spoke to a 23-year-old Chinese national, Luo, who applied to the Foreign Office — which must vet all applications to study topics that could have military applications — 15 times over two years.

Luo, who only gave his surname out of fear his visa would be revoked, believes he has been caught up in an escalating UK campaign to "de-risk" higher education, following warnings from MI5 that universities are "magnetic targets" for espionage.

Photographer: Chris Ratcliffe/Bloomberg

The rejection rate has increased rapidly, and is up almost tenfold over four years.

For universities, students like Luo are a key source of revenue, with students from China contributing an estimated £5.4 billion on tuition and other expenses in 2021. On top of that, the de-risking strategy also extends to international research collaboration.

Yesterday Rachel Reeves and Science and Technology Secretary Peter Kyle met UK leaders from tech firms including Microsoft, Apple, Amazon and Nvidia to talk about AI. I wonder whether the fate of students like Luo, who eventually switched his research to an area not covered by the vetting process, were on the agenda.

The big number

More than 100
Number of people arrested in London in demonstrations after the murder of three girls and stabbing of eight others in Southport earlier this week.

How middlemen are gaming US visas

One key story, every weekday

Photographer: ClassicStock/Archive Photos

Each year in April, the US government conducts a lottery that shapes the lives of hundreds of thousands of people — and America's future as an economic power. It's a a lottery system for a limited number of skilled-worker visas known as H-1Bs. Tech giants, startups, banks and drugmakers all vie for slots, hoping to snap up international graduates of top US universities who must otherwise leave the country. Most don't get picked.

The game, it turns out, is rigged. New federal data obtained by Bloomberg News reveal how thousands of companies got an unfair advantage by helping themselves to extra lottery tickets.

Read The Big Take.

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