Four years after a popular revolt that ousted dictator Omar al-Bashir inspired millions across Africa and the Arab world, Sudan has returned to form as one of the planet's worst-led nations. Officially, the most violent clashes the capital, Khartoum, has seen are taking place between the armed forces and a militia group spawned from the notorious janjaweed gangs that spread terror across the western region of Darfur in the past two decades. These are the same groups that have united in blocking the long-desired transition to civilian rule. In reality, it's a power struggle between army boss Abdel Fattah al-Burhan and one-time camel trader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, known as Hemedti in his guise as leader of the Rapid Support Forces militia. The United Nations, the African Union, the US, Russia, and China have all called for a cease-fire, worried about the regional impact of a spreading conflict in Sudan, which has a strategic Red Sea coastline and mineral wealth. Particularly concerned will be Egypt, Sudan's northern neighbor, and the United Arab Emirates, which has played a mediating role in the past. Even the mercenary Wagner Group, founded by an ally of Russian President Vladimir Putin, has little interest in seeing violence threaten its gold mine operations. But this is a nation that has suffered more coup attempts than any on mainland Africa, and where those in authority know few bounds. Bashir was indicted by the International Criminal Court for alleged war crimes and genocide in Darfur and for a time provided a haven for Osama bin Laden. Dozens of people have already died in the latest fighting. For those huddling in their homes listening to guns firing and warplanes roaring overhead, the denials by both sides that they started the conflict give little comfort. As Sudan's two most powerful military leaders battle to become the last strongman standing, their violent contest for supremacy risks sending ripples far beyond the country's borders. — Karl Maier |
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