Thursday, September 26, 2024

Clean tech prepares for turbulence

Navigating the risks ahead |

Our newsletter today continues coverage from Climate Week with a look at how venture capitalists and startups are planning to navigate the US election and other unpredictable events in the near future. Read on for more details — and to get unlimited access to climate and energy news, please subscribe

Clean tech prepares for turbulence 

By Coco Liu and Matthew Griffin

Climate Week NYC is many things to many people. For President Joe Biden, it's an occasion to take a climate victory lap. For Prince William, an opportunity to highlight groups and companies with unique environmental solutions. For bankers, a chance to grapple with net zero slipping out of reach.

For those in clean tech, Climate Week has been a time to take stock of what's next for the industry as it enters a crucial period. Dropping interest rates, a coin-toss presidential election and a decline in funding for the next wave of carbon-cutting technologies are all weighing on the minds of startup founders and venture capitalists. 

With hundreds of events and the concurrent United Nations General Assembly, Bloomberg Green navigated the gridlock of New York to get the scoop on what climate tech veterans are gearing up for over the next year. We'll also be at startup hub Newlab's New Climate Futures conference later today, so be sure to find us if you want to share your thoughts.

The funding environment is healthier — but caution remains

Most venture capitalists Bloomberg Green spoke with say that they have observed a renewed investing interest in recent months compared to the first half of 2024, when overall climate tech equity funding across both private and public markets halved from the same period a year earlier, according to BloombergNEF. But few are ready to announce a comeback just yet.

Sean O'Sullivan, founder of SOSV whose venture firm has bankrolled more than 250 climate tech startups, simply put it this way: "The patient has stopped bleeding, and we are in the period of recovery, but it's still uncertain."

While the federal interest rate cut announced in September makes financing capital-intensive climate technologies more attractive, O'Sullivan says other macro challenges — such as the tight capital market and uncertainty ahead of the US election — will continue weighing on investors' confidence.

"It's not a clear shot that anything has majorly turned around at this stage," he adds.

Jerome Powell, chairman of the US Federal Reserve, speaks in September after the Fed  lowered its benchmark interest rate by a half percentage point. Photographer: Al Drago/Bloomberg

It's also important to note that the recent uptick in climate tech deals isn't distributed evenly, says Sophie Bakalar, a partner at Collaborative Fund. There is a "healthy amount" of venture money for early-stage startups, and companies with a proven business model can access a "robust pool of capital" from banks through the traditional project financing mechanism, Bakalar say, but investors are reluctant to back companies fundraising a Series B or C round, many of which are in what's known in the VC world as the "Valley of Death."

That's a crucial phase when startups are attempting to reach commercial scale but not generating sufficient revenue. The funding gap could mean more firms die rather than come out the other side.

US election turmoil has investors playing it safe

With barely a month until the US election, its implications for the climate tech sector are the talk of the town. Despite the threat made by former President Donald Trump to rescind all "unspent" funds in the Inflation Reduction Act, the consensus at Climate Week is that the Biden administration's climate legacy is likely to survive, no matter who will sit in the White House next year.

'There are a lot of Republicans too — in the House, in the Senate, the governors — who are for it from a just purely job-creation perspective in their regions," Chris Mangieri, a principal at climate-focused venture outfit Pulse Fund, says of Biden's climate bill.  

Tax credits in Biden's signature climate law have channeled investment into red and swing states, where land and labor are cheaper, says Dan Yates, chief executive officer of Dandelion Energy, an Arlington, Virginia-based company that installs geothermal heat pumps across the US. "This isn't a blue-red divide anymore," he adds.

US President Joe Biden speaks during an event in August 2023. Photographer: Christopher Dilts/Bloomberg

Indeed, of the some $200 billion in climate tech spending announced since the IRA passed, more than $160 billion went to projects in Republican districts. The green jobs boom in red states led 18 House Republicans to urge Speaker Mike Johnson not to repeal clean tech incentives in Biden's climate law, warning of the potential economic damage.

Nevertheless, an unclear policy outlook in the election year has delayed some VCs from making big bets.

VCs are acting even more strategic 

The headwinds above haven't stopped investors from searching for specific deals. While answers vary wildly about the best sectors to back over the next 12 months, a few did come up multiple times: cleaner fuels, energy storage and food tech to curb climate change are among the areas venture capitalists see as key places to make bets.

Investment risks have also been recalculated. Take O'Sullivan of SOSV. His firm has backed some high-flying consumer-facing startups, including milk-free dairy maker Perfect Day. But O'Sullivan told Bloomberg Green that for the next year or so, his firm will write checks to startups focused on enterprise-focused climate solutions rather than ones geared toward the public.

Read the full story on Bloomberg.com 

US is still on top 

$6.7 billion 
This is how much was raised by clean-tech companies in the US during the first half of 2024.

A tough environment 

"The evolution from science project to commercial outfit can be one of the hardest to pull off, especially in an economy where our capital stack was built for digital innovation rather than hardware advances."
Chuka Umunna
JPMorgan Chase & Co.'s head of ESG and green economy investment banking for Europe and the Middle East
Many promising green-tech innovators aren't getting enough money and dying off as they cross the so-called Valley of Death for funding.

The day ahead

With events all across the city for Climate Week, it's hard to keep track of everything happening. Here are some examples of what's coming up today:

A lot is happening at Bloomberg HQ. In the morning executives from Holcim and US Steel will be among the speakers detailing how heavy industry is trying to decarbonize during a BloombergNEF hosted event. Later, the Sustainable Finance Forum will lay out nature-related opportunities for investors. Razan Al Mubarak, the president of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, will deliver a fireside chat alongside former SEC Chair Mary Schapiro.

Not everything is in Manhattan. For most of the year, the Brooklyn Navy Yard in New York City is a quiet industrial park where businesses work behind closed doors. But today, startup hub Newlab will welcome thousands to its 84,000-square-foot facility for the New Climate Futures conference. Speakers include the Energy Department's chief commercialization officer, Wells Fargo's director of sustainable finance and the president of carbon recycler LanzaTech.

Finally, time to let your hair down. After a week full of events highlighting solutions to the climate crisis, there can't possibly be a more fun way to relieve your anxiety about the state of the world than belting out tunes in front of total strangers. Well, a lot of people seem to think so. Spots are filling up fast here

In case you missed it

There are some good vibes around carbon markets. After several bruising years of fighting fires and trying to fix glaring shortcomings, the voluntary carbon market is now ready for prime time, according to the investors, corporate executives and government ministers who gathered in New York for "VCM Day."

Investors want to know the climate fight is profitable. On the latest episode of the In the City podcast, Standard Chartered's Bill Winters talks climate finance with hosts Francine Lacqua and David Merritt. "The only way that we're going to be successful in the fight against climate change is to offer people an acceptable return," Winters says. 

Fossil fuel execs are facing a tough crowd. Climate protesters interrupted  Occidental Petroleum Corp. Chief Executive Officer Vicki Hollub at a conference hosted by the New York Times. Hollub was about to begin a discussion with the newspaper's David Gelles at the Climate Forward 2024 conference on Wednesday when protesters walked onstage chanting, "We charge you with ecocide." She briefly exited the stage before returning to conduct the interview. 

Vicki Hollub Photographer: Christopher Pike/Bloomberg

More from Green

The US is mobilizing so much investment into clean energy that it now tops even the peak of America's fracking revolution in the 2010s. The wave of spending triggered by Joe Biden's signature climate law is set to be the president's biggest and most-enduring domestic achievement — yet it barely registers in Kamala Harris' campaign. 

US Vice President Kamala Harris during a campaign event in Madison, Wisconsin on Sept. 20. Photographer: Alex Wroblewski/Bloomberg

From stump speeches to the Democratic convention and her debate with Donald Trump, Harris has largely shied away from touting the success of Biden's green initiatives, despite the staggering size of the private investments the policies have sparked.

Her motives are clear. Fighting climate change may win voters in her home state of California. But the topic is far more divisive in natural-gas rich Pennsylvania and other states pivotal to the election. The implications go well beyond the campaign.

Read the full story here

Weather watch

By Lauren Rosenthal and Brian K Sullivan

Hurricane Helene is forecast to pummel Florida's west coast Thursday with devastating winds — but exactly how devastating won't be evident until skies clear.

That's because wind speed predictions are hamstrung by patchy data and gaps in research about how hurricanes gather power from warm waters in the hours before they reach land. While forecasts tracking where storms will strike have become much more accurate since the mid-1990s, methods for pinpointing their intensity have lagged behind, despite recent improvements. 

Inside a hurricane, "we don't really know what processes are going on and that makes it hard to simulate in the computer model," said Falko Judt, a research meteorologist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado. "We need actual measurements from right at this moment and we don't have them. So what goes in the model is best estimates."

Large clouds due to the proximity of tropical storm Helene over Havana, Cuba, on Sept. 24. Photographer: Yamil Lage/AFP/Getty Images

Errors in wind-speed forecasts have deadly consequences, influencing whether people in a storm's path decide to stay or flee — and a phenomenon known as rapid intensification is raising the stakes even more. As climate change fuels hotter ocean temperatures, cyclones are getting stronger, faster. Helene is one example: It grew from a weak tropical storm to a hurricane in just 24 hours. 

Scientists are just starting to make progress toward reducing errors in intensity predictions. Read more here

Worth a listen

Scientists have been trying to understand — and mimic — the way the sun produces energy for centuries. But recreating the energy-generating process of nuclear fusion here on Earth presents an array of technical challenges. Bob Mumgaard, CEO of Commonwealth Fusion Systems, began working on some of those challenges as a doctoral student at MIT. Now backed by more than $2 billion, CFS is well on its way to making the long-held dream of nuclear fusion a reality. On this week's Zero, Mumgaard breaks down the science behind CFS's bagel-shaped tokamak reactor, and explains why he believes the nuclear fusion industry is just getting started. Listen now, and subscribe on Apple,  Spotify, or YouTube to get new episodes of Zero every Thursday.

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